The projects occur within the Hill End Trough, a north-trending elongated pull-apart basin containing sedimentary and volcanic rocks of Silurian and Devonian age. The BNH deposit is hosted by fine grained sandstone and siltstone, deposited originally in a shallow marine environment.
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Quartz vein formation and gold deposition occurred synchronously with Early Carboniferous metamorphism, formation of chlorite and folding. The gold is possibly sourced from the metamorphosed Siluro-Devonian trough sequence and basement (Ordovician volcanic rocks, sandstone and shale). Gold mineralisation at the Projects is best developed at the intersections of the bedding parallel quartz veins with steeply west-dipping fault-hosted quartz veins and cleavage-hosted quartz veins. Pyrite and arsenopyrite occur in the veins with rare chalcopyrite, galena and sphalerite, and pyrite and arsenopyrite also occur with carbonate alteration in the host fine grained sandstone and siltstone. There is no gold within the alteration around the quartz veins.
